DARI QABILISME KE PEMBEBASAN: Membaca Sejarah Sebagai Proyek Ideologis dalam Pemikiran Ali Syari’ati

Abstract

This article examines Ali Shari’ati’s philosophy of history as a critical Islamic framework that views human history as a dialectical arena between monotheism and polytheism, justice and oppression, as well as oppressors and the oppressed. Employing a qualitative-descriptive method based on library research, the study explores Shari’ati’s key ideas concerning human nature, the concept of khalifah, the relationship between humanity, God, and nature, and the symbolic conflict between Cain and Abel as a philosophical paradigm of history. The findings indicate that Shari’ati does not perceive history as a series of accidental events or rigid historical determinism, but rather as a meaningful process shaped by human moral responsibility within the framework of divine will. In Shari’ati’s perspective, history is a project of liberation that requires ideological consciousness, the active role of intellectuals, and social transformation grounded in the principle of tawhid. This article highlights the relevance of Ali Shari’ati’s philosophy of history for contemporary Islamic thought, particularly in addressing issues of social injustice, power domination, and the struggle for human emancipation.